Startup General Counsel Services

General Counsel for Startups: Why Founders Can’t Afford to Go Without It

What you don’t know can hurt you!

You may think legal support can be deferred until problems appear. Lawyers seem expensive and the instinct is to conserve money until it feels absolutely necessary. Yet this approach is like building a house with exposed wiring and no locks: it works until the first spark or intrusion, then it is too late to contain the damage.

An “outside” general counsel for startups with an experienced business lawyer is about prevention and foresight, not reaction. A startup general counsel serves as legal counsel and a strategic partner to the senior leadership team, integrating legal thinking into the company’s early stages so it grows on a stable foundation.

Our firm has advised early-stage companies for more than three decades on entity formation, licensing, employment law and contract review. By working as outside counsel with the discipline of in-house counsel, we help leadership teams align legal decisions with business objectives, reducing red flags before they derail growth.

What General Counsel Means for Startups

As a startup founder, you can access legal expertise for startups in two ways. Some companies hire a lawyer to join the senior leadership team to provide constant coverage.  That’s a great solution but it may be beyond the resources that many startups have. 

An alternate solution is to engage a firm of experienced business lawyers to be  the point of contact for decisions that carry legal consequences.

Why Startups Need General Counsel Services

Most startup failures come from ordinary oversights that slowly drain control from the founders.

  • A co-founder misses an 83(b) election, leaving them with a crushing tax bill and no ready means to pay it
  • Early vendors write computer code without written assignments of intellectual property, only to assert ownership later
  • Management fails to keep its Excel-based cap table up to date and the failure complicates due diligence or derails a financing
  • A junior employee signs a vendor agreement with unlimited liability, exposing the company to claims it cannot cover

These are predictable weak points in what should be a startup’s legal control stack, the operating system that keeps a growing company alive long enough to scale. A startup general counsel, whether acting as outside counsel or as part of an in-house counsel team, exists to identify and help to prevent these gaps.

Our General Counsel Services, Explained

We provide modular, founder-facing general counsel services across the areas that matter most for early-stage companies. 

  • Proactive Counseling
    We help founders identify legal risks before they impact the business. From IP issues to compliance gaps, our legal strategy starts early and evolves with your growth.
  • Founder Agreements
    We draft clear, enforceable agreements that define founder roles, rights, and equity. These documents reduce conflict and help secure investor confidence during early fundraising.
  • Employment and Consulting Agreements
    We prepare contracts that clarify whether someone is an employee or an independent contractor. Our agreements protect IP, comply with classification laws, and document scope, compensation, and exit terms.
  • Executive and Incentive Compensation
    We structure equity awards, bonuses, and employment terms for key hires and advisors. Each arrangement is designed to support retention, compliance, and long-term business goals.
  • Outside Counsel Management
    We coordinate and oversee multiple law firms to control legal spend and align strategy. Our team ensures that external counsel stay accountable, consistent, and cost-effective.
  • Curated Legal Referrals
    We connect startups with trusted lawyers for specialized matters such as patents, FDA compliance, or employment law. Each referral is vetted and matched to your specific business stage and needs.

What We Cover as Your General Counsel

We provide general counsel for startups that need practical coverage without bloating the legal budget. You can work with us as outside counsel to bring the legal insights necessary to identify and avoid or mitigate unwanted risks or liabilities.

You can obtain coordinated legal work across corporate governance, commercial contracts, contract review, employment law and data privacy, with legal thinking tied to your financing path in venture capital or private equity. 

Formation Control

We help you:

  • Choose the jurisdiction for formation of your company that best fits the needs of investors, co-founders and management
  • Keep the cap table and agreements aligned so ownership is clearly defined and recorded
  • Assign all intellectual property (“IP”) to the company with appropriate written agreements
  • Document authorizations for significant corporate actions
  • Document equity issuances and advise on  appropriate vesting

From there, we handle entity formation deliverables end to end, drafting contracts you use: the certificate of incorporation and bylaws for corporations and certificate of formation and operating agreements for limited liability companies, plus stock issuances, IP assignments and initial board actions, so later due diligence in financings runs smoothly and your legal protections scale with the business.

Documentation of Equity

Keeping track of the ownership of equity interests in the company is a key requirement for good governance.  It establishes who has rights to determine much of what the company is authorized to do. . For many startups, keeping ownership records up to date is where avoidable mistakes surface first. 

As your startup’s general counsel, we help establish a single source of truth for equity by structuring your cap table so every share issued ties back to signed documents. This discipline makes sure your ownership records are defensible in fundraising, acquisitions or legal due diligence.

Our work as general counsel for startups includes designing and maintaining equity incentive plans, preparing grant agreements and overseeing the process for 409A valuations to keep option pricing compliant.

These steps allow you to grant stock to employees, advisors and co-founders with confidence while protecting the company against future tax or securities risk. With the right framework in place, you can reward talent without exposing the company to costly disputes or penalties.

We also draft the rights and obligations that govern stockholders. This includes:

  • information rights
  • transfer restrictions
  • repurchase rights

to prevent uncontrolled transfers that fracture the cap table or introduce unwanted stockholders.

Governance Procedures

Procedures for governance is another critical layer of the startup’s legal control stack. It defines the rulebook for how your company decides, authorizes and records actions. We help you establish an appropriate framework by helping the company:

  • Set a predictable board calendar so approvals never become last-minute emergencies
  • Maintain consent templates so routine actions close in hours rather than weeks
  • Adopt a written Delegation of Authority so your leadership team knows who can bind the company and for how much
  • Enforce a signature policy so commercial contracts are executed by the right person, with the right form and paper trail

These structures give you confidence that legal issues will not be buried in day-to-day operations.

Financial Policies and Procedures

Money is the lifeblood of a startup, but without appropriate policies and procedures in place, it also becomes the easiest place for mistakes to surface. We have a network of skilled accounting, tax and finance firms and consultants to which we can refer companies.  These experts can help the company put in place and administer the protections needed for this key element of operations.We can work with you and these outside experts to help you create systems that:

  • Maintain banking resolutions and authority by keeping board approvals current, so only authorized officers can act
  • Enforce wire controls and safeguards with dual approvals and verification that prevent fraud and unauthorized transfers
  • Track side-letter and investor obligations so hidden promises never restrict how or when money can move
  • Manage investor rights and covenant tracking with calendars and compliance checks tied to venture capital and lender requirements
  • Connect finance and legal operations so every payment is backed by the right approvals and stays compliant

Human Relations Matters

Human relations management can be a key drive of company growth and development.. An experienced business lawyer can help you build this function so that promises to employees, contractors and advisors align with equity plans, board approvals and IP protections. We help you:

  • Draft offer letters that tie directly to approved equity plans, so commitments to new hires are accurate and enforceable
  • Secure confidentiality and inventions assignments so all IP is owned by the company and trade secrets are protected
  • Prepare contractor agreements that include IP assignment, confidentiality and data security terms, ensuring outside work product is owned by the company 
  • Create classification policies that separate employees from independent contractors, reducing risks around wages, taxes and IP ownership

Contact Crowley Law LLC

Too many founders treat legal services as something to call in only after a problem surfaces. But once equity is misallocated, IP slips away or contracts are signed on bad terms, fixing it after the fact may not be possible and, even if possible, often leaves lasting damage. The smarter move is prevention. Contact our legal team today to put the right foundation in place before risks become setbacks.

FAQs

When Should a Startup Bring On Experienced Business Counsel?

You don’t need to wait until you are venture-backed or generating revenue. An experienced business lawyer is most valuable in the early stages, when formation, equity and IP decisions create lasting effects.

What’s the Difference Between In-House Counsel and Outside Counsel?

In-house counsel is a lawyer employed by the company as part of the senior leadership team. Outside counsel is an experienced business attorney or law firm you engage as needed. Many early-stage companies use outside counsel to cover their legal needs until it makes sense to hire a full-time in-house attorney.

Isn’t Engaging a Lawyer Too Expensive for a Young Company?

Most legal issues that cost founders the most money are the ones that were not handled correctly at the start. Working with an experienced business lawyer or law firm focused on the needs of startups avoids costly disputes, failed financings or lost IP. Preventing those problems is almost always less expensive than fixing them later.

 

What Kind of Legal Issues Does An Experienced Business Lawyer Actually Cover?

An experienced business lawyer, whether outside counsel or in-house, is your point of contact for the full stack of startup legal needs: corporate governance, equity and cap table discipline, commercial contracts, contract review, employment law, data privacy and compliance tied to venture capital or private equity financing.

The foregoing is for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice.  You should engage an experienced lawyer to help you deal with any issues of this type as they apply in your unique situation.

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